Space Network Interoperability is the cooperative sharing of international Space Network services to provide communications between satellites in low orbits about the earth and the satellites’ operators on the earth. The Space Network Interoperability Panel (SNIP) was officially established by the United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), the National Space Development Agency of Japan (NASDA), and the European Space Agency (ESA) in May 1987. The SNIP was established to coordinate the activities of the three parties to identify, explore and evaluate technical options for Interoperability of their space networks.
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